❞ كتاب Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods ❝  ⏤ Hans-Jörg Schmid

❞ كتاب Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods ❝ ⏤ Hans-Jörg Schmid

Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods

Abstract
According to the sociologist Kurt Lewin (169), “there is nothing more practical than a good theory.” In stark contrast to the common perception of beginners and even advanced students that linguistic theory is basically a nuisance and no more than an end in itself, this quote is in fact an ideal starting-point for the present chapter of this volume, which is designed to give a sketch of major theoretical and methodological approaches in English linguistics. Linguistic theories are no less superfluous than, for example, Newton’s theory of gravitation or Einstein’s theory of relativity, as both, theories in linguistics and theories in physics, strive essentially for the same goal and serve the same purpose: to identify, formulate and explain a model of the underlying rules and principles of how things work in language or in the world, respectively, by means of observation and generalization.
Hans-Jörg Schmid - ❰ له مجموعة من الإنجازات والمؤلفات أبرزها ❞ Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods ❝ ❞ Chapter 4: Morphology Hans-Jörg Schmid ❝ ❱
من اللغويات Linguistics كتب تعلم اللغة الإنجليزية - مكتبة كتب تعلم اللغات.

نبذة عن الكتاب:
Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods

2012م - 1446هـ
Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods

Abstract
According to the sociologist Kurt Lewin (169), “there is nothing more practical than a good theory.” In stark contrast to the common perception of beginners and even advanced students that linguistic theory is basically a nuisance and no more than an end in itself, this quote is in fact an ideal starting-point for the present chapter of this volume, which is designed to give a sketch of major theoretical and methodological approaches in English linguistics. Linguistic theories are no less superfluous than, for example, Newton’s theory of gravitation or Einstein’s theory of relativity, as both, theories in linguistics and theories in physics, strive essentially for the same goal and serve the same purpose: to identify, formulate and explain a model of the underlying rules and principles of how things work in language or in the world, respectively, by means of observation and generalization. .
المزيد..

تعليقات القرّاء:

هذا يحتوي يحتوى علي معلومات خاصة بعلم اللغويات

هي علم يهتم بدراسة اللغات الإنسانية ودراسة خصائصها وتراكيبها ودرجات التشابه والتباين فيما بينها.و يدرس اللغة من كل جوانبها دراسة شاملة.

أما اللغوي فهو الشخص الذي يقوم بهذه الدراسة. ظهرت اللسانيات الحديثة في القرن 19م، لكنها كعلم قديمة قدم الإنسان. جاءت بفكرة رئيسة مع العالم فرديناند دو سوسور فمع علمنة الثورة الصناعية أراد علمنة اللغة أيضا في كتابه /محاضرات في اللسانيات العامة/ فاللغة عنده تحمل هويات من قيم الدين، والمحيط، والثقافة، والفكر الفلسفي.

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It involves analysing language form, language meaning, and language in context. The earliest activities in the documentation and description of language have been attributed to the 6th-century-BC Indian grammarian Pāṇini who wrote a formal description of the Sanskrit language in his Aṣṭādhyāyī.[5]

Linguists traditionally analyse human language by observing an interplay between sound and meaning. Phonetics is the study of speech and non-speech sounds, and delves into their acoustic and articulatory properties. The study of language meaning, on the other hand, deals with how languages encode relations between entities, properties, and other aspects of the world to convey, process, and assign meaning, as well as manage and resolve ambiguity. While the study of semantics typically concerns itself with truth conditions, pragmatics deals with how situational context influences the production of meaning

Grammar is a system of rules which governs the production and use of utterances in a given language. These rules apply to sound as well as meaning, and include componential subsets of rules, such as those pertaining to phonology (the organisation of phonetic sound systems), morphology (the formation and composition of words), and syntax (the formation and composition of phrases and sentences). Many modern theories that deal with the principles of grammar are based on Noam Chomsky's framework of generative linguistics.]

In the early 20th century, Ferdinand de Saussure distinguished between the notions of langue and parole in his formulation of structural linguistics. According to him, parole is the specific utterance of speech, whereas langue refers to an abstract phenomenon that theoretically defines the principles and system of rules that govern a language. This distinction resembles the one made by Noam Chomsky between competence and performance in his theory of transformative or generative grammar. According to Chomsky, competence is an individual's innate capacity and potential for language (like in Saussure's langue), while performance is the specific way in which it is used by individuals, groups, and communities (i.e., parole, in Saussurean term



سنة النشر : 2012م / 1433هـ .
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المؤلف:
Hans-Jörg Schmid -

كتب Hans-Jörg Schmid ❰ له مجموعة من الإنجازات والمؤلفات أبرزها ❞ Linguistic Theories, Approaches, and Methods ❝ ❞ Chapter 4: Morphology Hans-Jörg Schmid ❝ ❱. المزيد..

كتب Hans-Jörg Schmid